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2025 Vol.34, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Articles

Temporal and Age-Dependent Dynamics of Photoinhibitory Responses under Diverse Light Scenarios

광환경 변동에 따른 광저해 반응의 시간적 변화와 생육 시기별 특성

Hyeonjee Kim1
,
Eunjeong Lim1
,
Tae In Ahn2*
김 현지1
,
임 은정1
,
안 태인2*
1Graduate Student, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
2Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
1서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 원예생명공학전공 대학원생
2서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 원예생명공학전공 조교수
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2025. pp. 619-630
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Abstract

Plants in natural environments encounter fluctuating irradiance, whereas controlled cultivation systems typically provide constant illumination. Coping with dynamic light conditions requires flexible regulation of photoprotective mechanisms, particularly non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), to dissipate excess energy and reduce photoinhibition. Here, we investigated chlorophyll fluorescence responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Top Green) under four 10-hour light scenarios differing in the frequency and rate of transition to high light exposure: alternating light/dark cycles, a single prolonged high light period with dark recovery, stepwise increasing–decreasing irradiance, and fine-grained transitions of the stepwise scenario. Fluorescence was continuously monitored using a pulse-amplitude modulation fluorometer, and parameters including Y(II), Y(NPQ), Y(NO), NPQ, electron transport rate, and qPd, an index that compares actual and theoretical Fo′ values to assess the extent of photoinhibition, were analyzed across leaves of different ages. Alternating cycles caused progressive loss of PSII efficiency, whereas prolonged high light induced photoinhibition that was partially recovered during darkness. Stepwise light transitions enhanced electron transport and maintained higher photosynthetic efficiency, whereas fine-grained transitions alleviated photoinhibition but were limited by lower total light input. Responses were age-dependent, as younger leaves exhibited higher NPQ induction and maintained higher qPd during illumination. However, they also showed lower Y(II) and greater declines in Fv/Fm after treatment. Notably, qPd and Fv/Fm did not always align, reflecting their complementary roles in indicating real-time photoprotection and cumulative photoinhibition, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the balance between photoprotection and photoinhibition is strongly influenced by both light scenario and plant age, suggesting that dynamic lighting strategies accounting for these factors can enhance energy efficiency and sustainability in vertical farming.

Keywords
chlorophyll fluorescence
light control
non-photochemical quenching
photoprotection
quantum yield

제어형 재배 시스템에서는 일반적으로 일정한 광이 주어지는 반면, 자연 환경에서 식물은 변동하는 광을 경험한다. 이러한 동적 광환경에 적응하기 위해서는 과잉 에너지를 소산하고 광저해를 줄이기 위한 광보호 기작, 특히 비광화학적 소광(non-photochemical quenching, NPQ)의 유연한 조절이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 상추(Lactuca sativa L. cv. Top Green)을 대상으로, 고광 노출의 빈도와 점진적 변화 정도가 다른 네 가지의 10시간 광 시나리오(광/암 반복 처리, 암기 회복을 동반한 장시간의 고광 처리, 단계적 증가–감소 처리, 그리고 단계적 처리의 세분화된 변형)를 이용하여 연속적으로 형광 반응을 측정하였으며, Y(II), Y(NPQ), Y(NO), NPQ, 전자전달률, 그리고 실제와 이론적 Fo′값을 비교하여 광저해 정도를 평가하는 지표인 qPd등을 생육 시기별로 분석하였다. 광/암 반복처리는 PSII 효율의 점진적 감소를 초래하였고, 장시간 고광 처리에서는 광저해가 유발되어 암기 동안 부분적으로 회복되었다. 단계적 광도 변화는 전자 전달을 촉진하고 광합성 효율을 높게 유지하였으며, 세분화된 단계적 별화는 광저해를 완화시켰으나 총 광량이 낮아 효율이 제한적이었다. 반응은 식물체 연령에 따라 달라, 어린 잎일수록 NPQ 유도가 크고 광 조사 동안 더 높은 qPd를 유지했지만, Y(II)는 낮고 처리 후 Fv/Fm의 감소는 더 크게 나타났다. 특히 qPd와 Fv/Fm은 항상 일치하지는 않았는데, 이는 두 지표가 각가 실시간 광보호와 누적된 광저해를 보완적으로 반영함을 보여준다. 본 연구 결과는 광보호와 광저해 간의 균형이 광 시나리오와 식물체 연령 모두에 의해 강하게 영향을 받음을 보여주며, 이러한 요인을 고려한 동적 광 제어 전략이 수직농장에서 에너지 효율성과 지속가능성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 시사한다.

키워드
광 제어
광보호
비광화학적 소거
양자 효율
엽록소 형광
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 34
  • No :4
  • Pages :619-630
  • Received Date : 2025-10-02
  • Revised Date : 2025-10-29
  • Accepted Date : 2025-10-30
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2025.34.4.619
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