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2019 Vol.28, Issue 4 Preview Page
Determination of Proper Irrigation Scheduling for Automated Irrigation System based on Substrate Capacitance Measurement Device in Tomato Rockwool Hydroponics

토마토 암면재배에서 정전용량 측정장치를 기반으로 한 급액방법 구명

Dongsup Han1
,
Jeonghyeon Baek1
,
Juseong Park2
,
Wonkyo Shin3
,
Ilhwan Cho4
,
Eunyoung Choi1*
한 동섭1
,
백 정현1
,
박 주성2
,
신 원교3
,
조 일환4
,
최 은영1*
1Department of Agricultural Science, Korea National Open University, 86 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul 03087, Korea
2Department of Electronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Korea
3Chungnam Agriculture Meister College, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Yusung-gu, Daejoen, 34134, Korea
4Telofarm Inc., Research Park, Seoul National University,1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
1한국방송통신대학교 농학과
2부산대학교 전자공학과
3충남농업마이스터대학
4㈜텔로팜
*Corresponding author: ch0097@mail.knou.ac.kr
30 November 2019. pp. 366-375
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Abstract

This experiment aims to determine the proper irrigation scheduling based on a whole-substrate capacitance using a newly developed device (SCMD) by comparing with the integrated solar radiation automated irrigation system (ISR) and sap flow sensor automated irrigation system (SF) for the cultivation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Hoyong’ ‘Super Doterang’) during spring to winter season. For the SCMD system, irrigation was conducted every 10 minutes after the first irrigation was started until the first run-off was occurred, of which the substrate capacitance was considered to be 100%. When the capacitance threshold (CT) was reached to the target point, irrigation was re-conducted. After that, when the target drain volume (TDV) was occurred, the irrigation stopped. The irrigation volume per event for the SCMD was set to 50, 75, or 100 mL at CT 0.9 and TDV 100 mL during the spring to summer cultivation, and the CT was set to 0.65, 0.75, 0.80, or 0.90 in the winter cultivation. When the irrigation volume per event was set to 50, 75, or 100 mL, the irrigation frequency in a day was 39, 29, and 19, respectively, and the drain rate was 3.04, 9.25, and 20.18%, respectively. When the CT was set to 0.65, 0.75, or 0.90 in winter, the irrigation frequency was about 6, 7, 15 times, respectively and the drain rate was 9.9, 10.8, 35.3% respectively. The signal of stem sap flow at the beginning of irrigation starting time did not correspond to that of solar irradiance when the irrigation volume per event was set to 50 or 75 mL, compared to that of 100 mL. In winter cultivation, the stem sap flow rate and substrate volumetric water content at the CT 0.65 treatment were very low, while they were very high at CT 0.90 was high. All the integrated data suggest that the proper range of irrigation volume per event is from 75 to 100 mL under at CT 0.9 and TDV 100 mL during the spring to summer cultivation, and the proper CT seems to be higher than 0.75 and lower than 0.90 under at 75 mL of the irrigation volume per event and TDV 70 mL during the winter cultivation. It is going to be necessary to investigate the relationship between capacitance value and substrate volumetric water content by determining the correction coefficient.

Keywords
solar irradiance
irrigation frequency
volumetric water content
water use efficiency

본 실험은 토마토(Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Hoyong’ ‘Super Doterang’) 암면재배에서 배지 전체의 정전용량을 측정할 수 있는 장치(Substrate capacitance measurement device, SCMD)를 기반으로 한 적정 급액 방법을 구명하 기 위하여 누적일사량 제어구(Integrated solar radiation automated irrigation, ISR)와 물관수액흐름 제어구(sap flow automated irrigation, SF)를 대조구로 비교하면서 봄부터 여름철과 겨울철에 재배를 실시하였다. SCMD 제어구는 급액 개시 후 배지 한 개당 설정된 배액 목표 량이 처음 발생하는 시점까지 10분간격으로 급액하였고 첫 배액이 배출되면 그 때의 배지의 정전용량 (Capacitance)을 100%로 간주하고 그 기준치의 급액제어 점(Capacitance threshold, CT)에 도달하면 급액 되었고 그 뒤 목표 배액량이 발생하면 급액이 멈추는 방식으로 제어되었다. 봄부터 여름재배에서 실험 처리를 위해 SCMD제어구의 일회 급액량 (Irrigation volume per event)을 50, 75, 또는 100mL로 설정하였고 겨울철 재 배에서는 CT가 0.65, 0.75, 또는 0.90가 되면 급액 되도 록 설정하였다.

봄부터 여름철 재배에서 일회 급액량을 50, 75, 100mL로 설정하였을 때 급액 횟수는 각각 39, 29, 19회 였고 배액율은 각각 3.04, 9.25, 20.18%였다. 겨울철 재 배에서 CT를 0.65, 0.75, 0.90로 설정하였을 때 급액횟 수는 각각 5.67, 6.50, 14.67회였고 배액율은 9.91, 10.78, 35.3%였다. 봄부터 여름철 재배에서 일회 급액량 처리에 따른 물관수액흐름속도(SF) 변화는 1회 급액량과 배액량을 각각 50과 75mL로 제한한 경우 100mL로 제 한한 경우와 비교하여SF 신호가 외부 광량 신호 (SI) 보 다 늦어지는 경향(time lag)을 보였고 겨울철 재배에서 CT를 0.65로 설정한 경우는 물관수액흐름 속도나 함수 율이 매우 낮아졌고 CT를 0.90로 설정한 경우는 함수율 과 물관수액흐름 속도는 매우 높았으나 많은 배액이 배 출되었다. 따라서 토마토 봄부터 여름철 재배에서 SCMD를 활용하여 CT를 0.9로, 배지 한 개당 배액 목 표량을 100mL로 설정하였을 때 일회 급액량은 75~100mL 범위가 적합하고 겨울철 재배에서는 1회 급 액량을 75mL로, 배액 목표량을 70mL로 설정하였을 때 CT는 0.75이상 0.9이하 범위가 적합할 것으로 판단되었 다. 앞으로 정전용량 값과 배지 용적수분함량의 관계성 을 구명하고 보정계수를 구하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

키워드
광량
급액횟수
배지용적함수율
수분이용 효율
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 28
  • No :4
  • Pages :366-375
  • Received Date : 2019-08-22
  • Revised Date : 2019-09-17
  • Accepted Date : 2019-10-02
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2019.28.4.366
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