All Issue

2019 Vol.28, Issue 1 Preview Page
Growth and Photomorphogenesis of Cucumber Plants under Artificial Solar and High Pressure Sodium Lamp with Additional Far-red Light

태양광 파장 유사 조합광과 원적색광이 추가된 고압나트륨등 하에서의 오이의 생육과 광형태형성

Woo Hyun Kang1†
,
Jae Woo Kim1†
,
Jung Eek Son12*
강 우현1†
,
김 재우1†
,
손 정익12*
1Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
2Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
1서울대학교 식물생산과학부
2서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원

† These authors contributed equally to this work

*Corresponding author: sjeenv@snu.ac.kr
31 January 2019. pp. 86-93
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Plant growth and morphology are affected by light environments. The morphogenesis and growth of the plants growing in plant factories are different from those grown under sunlight due to the effect of far-red light included in sunlight. The objective of this study was to compare the morphogenesis and growth of cucumber plants grown under artificial sunlight, high pressure sodium lamp (HPS), and HPS with additional far-red light (HPS+FR). The artificial solar (AS) with a spectrum similar to sunlight was manufactured using sulfur plasma lamp, incandescent lamp, and green-reducing optical film. HPS was used as a conventional electrical light source and far-red LEDs were added for HPS+FR. The optical properties of each light source was analyzed. The morphogenesis, growth, and photosynthetic rate were compared in each light source. The ratio of red to far-red lights and phytochrome photostationary state were similar in AS and HPS+FR. There were significant differences in morphology and growth between HPS and HPS+FR, but there were no significant differences between AS and HPS+FR. SPAD was highest in HPS, while photosynthetic rate was higher at AS and HPS. Although the photosynthetic rate in HPS+FR was lower than HPS, the growth was similar in AS. It was because canopy light interception was increased by longer petioles and larger leaf areas induced by FR. It is confirmed that the electrical light with additional far-red light induces similar photomorphogenesis and growth in sunlight spectrum. From the results, we expect that similar results will be obtained by adding far-red light to electrical light sources in plant factories.

Keywords
leaf area
photosynthesis
phytochrome photostationary state
plant factory

식물의 생육과 형태는 광 환경에 영향을 받는다. 식물 공장에서 재배되는 작물의 형태형성과 생육은 태양광과 다른 양상을 보이며 이는 태양광에 존재하는 원적색광 영역에 의한 영향으로 유추된다. 본 연구의 목적은 태양 광 파장 유사 조합광(AS), 고압나트륨등(HPS) 및 원적 색광을 추가한 고압나트륨등(HPS+FR)에서 재배된 오이 의 형태형성과 생육을 비교하는 것이다. AS는 황 플라 즈마 광원과 백열등, 녹색 광 차단 필름을 이용하여 제 작하였다. 인공광원은 HPS를 이용하였고, 여기에 원적색 광 LED를 추가하여 각 광원의 특성 및 식물의 형태형 성, 생육 및 광합성 속도를 비교하였다. R/FR 값과 PSS 는 AS와 HPS+FR이 유사하였다. 식물의 형태와 생육은 HPS와 HPS+FR 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었지만 AS와 HPS+FR간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. SPAD는 HPS에 서 높았으며 광합성속도는 AS와 HPS에서 높았다. HPS+FR의 광합성 속도는 HPS에 비해 낮았지만 원적색 광에 의한 엽면적과 엽병 길이 증가로 인해 수광 면적 이 증가하였고, 결과적으로 AS와 유사한 생육이 나타난 것으로 판단되었다. 인공광원에 원적색광을 추가하였을 때 태양광 하에서와 유사한 광형태형성 및 생육이 나타 나는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 식물공장에서 기존의 인공광원에 원적색광을 추가하면 동일한 효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

키워드
광합성
식물공장
엽면적
피토크롬 광평형 상태
References
1
Bae, J.H. S.Y. Park, and M.M. Oh. 2017. Supplemental irradiation with far-red light-emitting diodes improves growth and phenolic contents in Crepidiastrum denticulatum in aplant factory with artificial lighting. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 58:357-366. 10.1007/s13580-017-0331-x2211-3452
10.1007/s13580-017-0331-x
2
Barreiro, R., J.J. Guiamét, J. Beltrano, and E.R. Montaldi. 1992. Regulation of the photosynthetic capacity of primary bean leaves by the red: far-red ratio and photosynthetic photonflux density of incident light. Physiol. Plant. 85:97-101. 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb05269.x0031-9317
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb05269.x
3
Casal, J.J., V.A. Deregibus, and R.A. Sanchez. 1985. Variations in tiller dynamics and morphology in Lolium multiflorum Lam. vegetative and reproductive plants as affected bydifferences in red/far-red irradiation. Ann. Bot. 56:553-559. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a0870400365-0812
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087040
4
Demotes-Mainard, S., T. Péron, A. Corot, J. Bertheloot, J. Le Gourrierec, S. Pelleschi-Travier, L. Crespel, P. Morel, L.Huché-Thélier, and R. Boumaza. 2016. Plant responses to red and far-red lights, applications in horticulture. Environ. Exp. Bot. 121:4-21. 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.05.0100098-8472
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.05.010
5
Franklin K.A. 2008. Shade avoidance. New Phytol. 179:930-944. 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02507.x185378920028-646X
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02507.x18537892
6
Heraut-Bron, V., C. Robin, C. Varlet-Grancher, D. Afif, and A. Guckert. 2000. Light quality (red: far-red ratio): does it affect photosynthetic activity, net CO2 assimilation, and morphology of young white clover leaves? Can. J. Bot. 77:1425-1431. 10.1139/b99-0990008-4026
10.1139/cjb-77-10-1425
7
Hernández, R. and C. Kubota. 2016. Physiological responses of cucumber seedlings under different blue and red photon flux ratios using LEDs. Environ. Exp. Bot. 121:66-74. 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.04.0010098-8472
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.04.001
8
Hogewoning, S.W., G. Trouwborst, H. Maljaars, H. Poorter, W. van Ieperen, and J. Harbinson. 2010a. Blue light dose- responses of leaf photosynthesis, morphology, and chemical composition of Cucumis sativus grown under different combinations of red and blue light. J. Exp. Bot. 61:3107-3117. 10.1093/jxb/erq132205048750022-0957
10.1093/jxb/erq13220504875PMC2892149
9
Hogewoning, S.W., G. Trouwborst, E, Meinen, and W. Van Ieperen. 2012. Finding the optimal growth-light spectrum for greenhouse crops. Acta Hortic. 956:357-363. 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.956.410567-7572
10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.956.41
10
Hogewoning, S.W., P. Douwstra, G. Trouwborst, W. van Ieperen, and J. Harbinson. 2010b. An artificial solar spectrum substantially alters plant development compared with usual climate room irradiance spectra. J. Exp. Bot. 61:1267-1276. 10.1093/jxb/erq005202029940022-0957
10.1093/jxb/erq00520202994
11
Huq, E., B. Al-Sady, M. Hudson, C. Kim, K. Apel, and P.H. Quail. 2004. Phytochrome-interacting factor 1 is a critical bHLH regulator of chlorophyll biosynthesis. Science 305:1937-1941. 10.1126/science.1099728154482640036-8075
10.1126/science.109972815448264
12
Jung, D.H., H.I. Yoon, and J.E. Son. 2017. Development of a three-variable canopy photosynthetic rate Model of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in plant factory modules using light intensity, temperature, and growth stage. Protected Hort. Plant Fac. 26:268-275.
10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.4.268
13
Kang, W.H., F. Zhang, J.W. Lee, and J.E. Son. 2016. Improvement of canopy light distribution, photosynthesis, and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in plant factory conditions by using fitters to diffuse light from LEDs. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 34:84-93.1226-8763
10.12972/kjhst.20160015
14
Kobza, J. and G.E. Edwards. 1987. Influences of leaf temperature on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in wheat. Plant Physiol. 83:69-74. 10.1104/pp.83.1.69166652180032-0889
10.1104/pp.83.1.6916665218PMC1056301
15
Lee, M.J., K.H. Son, and M.M. Oh. 2016. Increase in biomass and bioactive compounds in lettuce under various ratios of red to far-red LED light supplemented with blue LED light. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 57:139-147. 10.1007/s13580-016-0133-62211-3452
10.1007/s13580-016-0133-6
16
Massa, G.D., H.H. Kim, R.M. Wheeler, and C.A. Mitchell. 2008. Plant productivity in response to LED lighting. Hort- Science 43:1951-1956. 10.21273/HORTSCI.43.7.19510018-5345
10.21273/HORTSCI.43.7.1951
17
Matsuda, R., K. Ohashi-Kaneko, K. Fujiwara, and K. Kurata. 2007. Analysis of the relationship between blue-light photon flux density and the photosynthetic properties of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves with regard to the acclimation of photosynthesis to growth irradiance. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 53:459-465. 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00150.x0038-0768
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00150.x
18
Park, Y. and E.S. Runkle. 2017. Far-red radiation promotes growth of seedlings by increasing leaf expansion and wholeplant net assimilation. Environ. Exp. Bot. 136:41-49. 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.12.0130098-8472
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.12.013
19
Sager, J.C., W.O. Smith, J.L. Edwards, and K.L. Cyr. 1988. Photosynthetic efficiency and phytochrome photoequilibria determination using spectral data. Trans. ASAE. 31:1882-1889. 10.13031/2013.309520001-2351
10.13031/2013.30952
20
Shibuya, T., R. Endo, Y. Kitamura, Y. Kitaya, and N. Hayashi. 2010. Potential photosynthetic advantages of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings grown under fluorescent lamps with high red: far-red light. HortScience 45:553-558. 10.21273/HORTSCI.45.4.5530018-5345
10.21273/HORTSCI.45.4.553
21
Skinner, R.H. and S.R. Simmons. 1993. Modulation of leaf elongation, tiller appearance and tiller senescence in spring barley by far-red light. Plant Cell Environ. 16:555-562. 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00903.x0140-7791
10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00903.x
22
Terashima, I., T. Fujita, T. Inoue, W.S. Chow, and R. Oguchi. 2009. Green light drives leaf photosynthesis more efficiently than red light in strong white light: revisiting the enigmatic question of why leaves are green. Plant Cell Physiol. 50:684-697. 10.1093/pcp/pcp034192464580032-0781
10.1093/pcp/pcp03419246458
23
Trouwborst, G., J. Oosterkamp, S.W. Hogewoning, J. Harbinson, and W. van Ieperen. 2010. The responses of light interception, photosynthesis and fruit yield of cucumber to LED?lighting within the canopy. Physiol. Plant. 138:289-300. 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01333.x200510300031-9317
10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01333.x20051030
24
Tucker D.J. 1981. Phytochrome regulation of leaf senescence in cucumber and tomato. Plant Sci. Lett. 23:103-108 10.1016/0304-4211(81)90031-60304-4211
10.1016/0304-4211(81)90031-6
25
Zhen, S. and M.W. van Iersel. 2017. Far-red light is needed for efficient photochemistry and photosynthesis. J. Plant Physiol. 209:115-122. 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.004280397760176-1617
10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.00428039776
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 28
  • No :1
  • Pages :86-93
  • Received Date : 2018-12-31
  • Revised Date : 2019-01-15
  • Accepted Date : 2019-01-18
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2019.28.1.86
Journal Informaiton Journal of Bio-Environment Control Journal of Bio-Environment Control
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • crossref crossmark
  • crossref cited-by
  • crossref funder-registry
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close