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2025 Vol.34, Issue 1

Original Articles

Effects of Calcium Sources and Reused Coir in Substrate Ratios on Drainage and Growth Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage in Hydroponics

칼슘원과 재사용 코이어 배지 비율이 수경재배 배추의 배액과 생육 특성에 미치는 영향

Hyosub Shin1†
,
Md Rayhan Ahmed Shawon2†
,
Kue-Seung Hwang3
,
Kun-Chul Shin4
,
Ki-Young Choi125*
신 효섭1†
,
샤 원2†
,
황 규승3
,
신 건철4
,
최 기영125*
1Graduate Student, Department of Agriculture and Industries, Kangwon National University Graduate School, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
2Postdoctoral Researcher, Environmental Research Institute, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341, Korea
3Director, Precision Ag-Tech Department, Kyung Nong Corp., Seoul 06627, Korea
4Director, International Horticultural Institute, Seoul 02024, Korea
5Professor, Department of Smart Farm and Agricultural Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
1강원대학교 대학원 농산업학과 대학원생
2강원대학교 환경연구소 박사후 연구원
3(주)경농 상무
4(사)국제원예연구원 소장
5강원대학교 스마트팜농산업학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
31 January 2025. pp. 1-9
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Abstract

Chinese cabbage is the main ingredient of kimchi, consumed year-round in Korea and mostly cultivated in open fields. However, hydroponic system in greenhouse is an updated technology ensure consistent harvest without being affected by climate change and protects crops from soil-borne pathogens using different substrate materials. Some of these substrates are re-usable, and their mixture of different materials raises concern about the ability to create a high-quality growing medium for optimum plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of reuse coir substrate with different ratios and calcium sources on the drainage and growth of chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ‘Bulam Plus’) in hydroponic systems. Plants were grown in a controlled-environment operated greenhouse for 10 weeks and treated by six different compositions of growing substrates and calcium sources. The substrate mixture was followed by three different ratios, where, coir dust: peat moss: perlite ratios were 10:0:0, 7:2:1, and 5:3:2. Furthermore, two different calcium sources gypsum (G) and quicklime (Q) were mixed with these substrates separately. These six treatments were also indicated by G10:0:0, G7:2:1, G5:3:2, Q10:0:0, Q7:2:1, and Q5:3:2. Drainage volume and quality, growth parameters and tipburn condition were measured. The results showed that drainage rate in all treatments was decreasing with plant development and at 9 weeks after treatment, it was less than 20% where it was around 60% at initial weeks. Drainage EC was higher in G-treated plants compared to those grown in Q treatments. However, drainage pH was vice versa. At 10 weeks after treatment, there was no significant variation observed in plant height, number of leaves, and leaf width of chinese cabbage among the treatments. Chlorophyll content was highest in G7:2:1 and G5:3:2 treated plants than others. The highest soluble solid content and dry weight were found in the treatment Q5:3:2. Furthermore the tipburn occurrence in plants was observed at 25 days of treatment and G7:2:1 treated plants were highly affected at 10 weeks after treatment. Comparatively, treatment Q5:3:2 showed better growth and development than others. This study, provides valuable information about optimizing calcium sources and reusing coir in substrate composition to enhance chinese cabbage production using the hydroponic system.

Keywords
Brassica rapa ‘Bulam Plus’
chlorophyll content
gypsum
quicklime
soluble solid
tipburn

배추는 한국에서 연중 소비되는 김치의 주 원료이며, 노지에서 주로 재배되고 있다. 온실 재배 수경재배 시스템은 기후 변화에 영향을 받지 않고 토양을 대신한 배지를 사용함으로써 토양 병원균으로부터 작물을 보호할 수 있어 재배 안정성을 확보할 수 있다. 수경재배용 배지 중 일부는 재사용이 가능하고, 이러한 배지의 조성은 작물 생장과 품질에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구는 재사용 코이어 배지 또는 인공배지를 첨가한 배지 조성에 칼슘 공급원을 처리하여 배추(Brassica rapa ‘Bulam Plus’)를 수경재배 했을 때 배액과 생육에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 10주동안 수행하였다. 배지 조성은 재사용 코이어: 피트모스: 펄라이트 비율(v/v/v)을 각각10:0:0, 7:2:1, 5:3:2의 세 처리와 각 처리에 칼슘 공급원인 CaSO4(G)와 CaO(Q)를 200g/m2 혼합한 총6가지 처리(G10:0:0, G7:2:1, G5:3:2, Q10:0:0, Q7:2:1, Q5:3:2)하였다. 배액량, 배액의 pH와 EC, 생육, 잎끝마름(Tipburn)발생을 조사하였다. 배추 생육이 증가함에 따라 모든 처리에서 배액률은 감소하였고, 처리 9주째는 20% 미만으로 감소하였다. 배액의 EC는 G 처리가 Q 처리보다 높았으나 배액의 pH는 Q 처리가 높았다. 처리 10주째 배추의 초장, 엽수, 엽폭은 처리 간 유의성이 없었다. 엽록소함량값(SPAD)은 G7:2:1과 G5:3:2처리에서 높게 나타났다. 잎의 당도와 건물중은 Q5:3:2처리에서 높았으며, 건물중이 관찰되었다. 배추의 잎끝마름 발생은 처리 25일째 관찰되었으며, G7:2:1처리에서 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때 CaO가 첨가되고 재사용 코이어 50% 함유된 Q5:3:2처리에서 수경 재배된 배추 생육이 양호하였다. 본 연구는 간이 시설을 적용된 수경재배 시스템에서의 안정적 배추 재배를 위해 재사용 코이어 배지와 칼슘 공급원에 관한 기본 정보를 제공하고자 하였다.

키워드
당도
엽록소함량
잎끝마름 발생
Brassica rapa ‘Bulam Plus’
CaSO4
CaO
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 34
  • No :1
  • Pages :1-9
  • Received Date : 2024-10-15
  • Accepted Date : 2024-10-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2025.34.1.001
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