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2024 Vol.33, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Articles

Effect of different Leaf to Fruit Ratios on Tree Growth and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Irwin’ Mango in heating house

가온시설재배 시 엽과비 수준에 따른 ‘Irwin’ 망고 의 수체생육 및 과실특성

Mi Geon Cheon1*
,
Kyung Mi Park1
,
Sang Woo Choi1
,
Hye Suk Yoon2
천 미건1*
,
박 경미1
,
최 상우1
,
윤 혜숙2
1Agricultural Junior Researcher, Research and Development Bureau, Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea
2Agricultural Senior Researcher, Research and Development Bureau, Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea
1경남농업기술원 연구개발국 농업연구사
2경남농업기술원 연구개발국 농업연구관
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2024. pp. 305-311
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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of leaf-to-fruit (L/F) ratio on the growth and fruit characteristics of four-year-old ‘Irwin’ mango trees, cultivated as an early heating type in Daesan-myeon, Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, during the 2021-2023 seasons. Treatments included 30 (high fruit load), 45, 60, and 75 (low fruit load) leaves per fruit. The study found that the number of shoots and panicles for the following year, which emerged after pruning, increased with higher L/F, peaking at L/F 60. At L/F ratio 75, with the smallest fruits, there was a decrease compared to L/F 60. Conversely, L/F 30, characterized by high fruit loads, resulted in alternate bearing with excessive fruits in the second year due to a decline in panicle numbers, although panicle emergence recovered in the third year as fruit numbers decreased. The harvest period shortened with larger L/F and lower fruit loads, being shortest at L/F 60, with no significant difference from L/F 75. Regarding fruit characteristics, average weight increased with L/F, but fruit quality measures such as soluble solid content (SSC) and acidity showed no significant differences between treatments. The annual yield increase per tree and the number of fruits exceeding 400g preferred by consumers were highest at L/F 60. L/F 30 inhibited flowering in the second year, leading to decreased fruit quantity. Consequently, this study suggests an optimal L/F of 60:1, based on the 45th day post-blooming, for ‘Irwin’ mango cultivation in domestic heated plastic film houses, promoting stable flowering and yield in the subsequent year.

Keywords
crop load
floral initiation
fruit grade
fruit thinning

본 연구는 조기가온 재배작형으로 재배되고 있는 4년생 ‘어윈’ 망고에서 엽과비 수준이 수체 및 과실 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 적정 착과량 조절 기준을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 엽과비 처리에 따른 전정 후 발생한 신초수와 이듬해 화서수는 착과량이 적고 엽과비가 클수록 증가하였다. 엽과비 60에서 가지당 발생한 신초수와 화서수가 가장 많았으며 엽과비가 가장 큰 75에서는 엽과비 60보다 감소하였다. 착과량이 많은 엽과비 30은 1년차 엽과비 처리 전 발생된 주당 평균 화서 대비 2년차 화서수가 감소하여 과다 착과로 격년결과성을 보였으나, 2년차에는 착과량이 감소함에 따라 3년차 화서 발생이 회복되었다. 과실 수확기간은 엽과비가 크고 착과량이 적을수록 감소하여 엽과비 60에서 가장 짧았으나 엽과비 75와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 과실 특성 중 평균 과중은 엽과비가 클수록 증가하였으나 당도, 산도 등 과실 품질에서는 처리간에 유의차는 없었다. 연차별 주당 수량 증가와 소비자가 선호하는 400g 이상의 대과 과실수는 엽과비 60에서 가장 높았고, 엽과비 30에서는 엽과비 처리 후 이듬해 2년차 착화 및 착과가 저해되어 수량이 감소하였다. 따라서 엽과비 30에 근접한 착과량 조절은 당년의 수량은 높일 수 있지만 과실크기가 감소하고 숙기가 지연되어 판매에 불리할 뿐만 아니라 이듬해 수량 또한 감소할 수 있다. 국내 시설 가온 하우스 내에서 생산되는 망고는 수입산 대비 착색, 당도 등 품질이 우수하며 특히 과육이 풍부한 400g 이상의 대과가 주로 고가의 선물용으로 판매되기 때문에 소비자가 선호하는 규격의 과일을 생산하는 것이 중요하다. 이와 더불어 안정적인 과실 생산을 위해 격년결과 없이 이듬해 지속적으로 수량을 확보할 수 있도록 관리 해야한다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 국내 시설 가온 하우스에서 재배되는 ‘어윈’ 망고의 품질 확보 및 생산 안정성을 위한 적정 엽수 대비 과실 수는 60:1로 판단되며 농가에서는 최소 엽과비 45 이상을 기준으로 목표하는 과실크기, 수량 등을 감안하여 엽과비를 조절할 필요가 있을 것으로 보인다.

키워드
과실등급
적과
착과량
화아분화
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 33
  • No :4
  • Pages :305-311
  • Received Date : 2024-09-04
  • Revised Date : 2024-10-07
  • Accepted Date : 2024-10-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2024.33.4.305
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