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2024 Vol.33, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Articles

Analysis of the Actual State of Late Maturing Citrus Cultivar Greenhouses

만감류 재배 온실의 실태조사 분석

Hyun Ho Shin1
,
Jin Gu Kim2
,
Ki Bum Kweon3
,
Man Kwon Choi2*
신 현호1
,
김 진구2
,
권 기범3
,
최 만권2*
1RDA Research Associate, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
2Researcher, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
3Senior Researcher, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
1농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 전문연구원
2농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 농업연구사
3농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 농업연구관
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2024. pp. 312-321
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze and propose improvements for greenhouse structures and cultivation environments suitable for late-maturing citrus. From March to November 2023, a survey was conducted among 28 farmers in Jeju and inland areas. The results showed that Jeju farmers mainly use multi-span greenhouses based on the disaster-resistant standard 08-citrus-1 type, originally installed for Satsuma mandarins. Inland farmers primarily used single-span greenhouses with various specifications such as width, length, and eave height. The average width of single-span greenhouses was over 8.0 m, and the eave height was between 2.4 m, while the average width of multi-span greenhouses was less than 6.0 m, with eave heights between 3.9 m. Single-span greenhouses used 2.1 mm rafters, while multi-span greenhouses used 2.1 mm rafters. Most single-span greenhouses used natural ventilation, while multi-span greenhouses used side and roof ventilation. Heating consisted of fan heaters, while some multi-span greenhouses used radiators and hot water heating. In terms of the planting environment, single-span greenhouses had tree heights of 2.7 m and canopy widths of 2.7 m, with 2.0 to 5.0 trees planted, spaced between 3.1 m per span. Multi-span greenhouses had tree heights of 2.8 m and canopy widths from 4.0 m, with 2.0 to 3.0 trees planted, spaced between 3.7 m per span. When planting three trees per span in a single-span greenhouse and two trees per span in a multi-span greenhouse, it was determined that widening the greenhouse width and increasing the eave height are necessary to create a suitable environment for growing citrus plants, considering canopy width, tree height, and ventilation. Based on these findings, this study suggests suitable greenhouse structures and environmental management improvements for late-maturing citrus, providing a basis for developing a greenhouse model for high-quality citrus production.

Keywords
cultivation environment
environmental control facilities
greenhouse cultivation
greenhouse structure
late-maturing citrus

본 연구의 목적은 만감류 재배를 위한 온실 구조, 환경조절 설비 및 재배환경을 분석하고 개선방안을 제시하여 만감류 비닐온실 모델 개발의 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 2023년 3월부터 11월까지 제주특별자치도 및 내륙지역 28개 농가를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 조사 결과, 제주 농가들은 연동온실을 주로 사용하고 있었으며, 이는 기존 온주밀감 재배를 위해 설치된 내재해형 규격 08-감귤-1형을 활용한 결과였다. 내륙 농가들은 폭, 길이, 처마 높이 등 다양한 규격의 단동온실을 주로 사용하였다. 단동온실의 평균 폭은 8.0m 이상, 측고는 2.0m에서 2.4m 사이이며, 연동온실의 경우 평균 폭은 6.0m 미만, 측고는 3.5m에서 3.9m 사이가 가장 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 온실 구조 부재의 경우, 단동온실은 주로 Φ42.2×2.1mm 서까래를 사용했고, 연동온실은 주로 Φ48.1×2.1mm 서까래를 사용했다. 온실의 환기 시스템으로는 단동온실은 대부분이 측면 자연환기를 사용했고, 연동온실은 측면과 지붕 환기를 조합하여 사용했다. 단동 및 연동온실의 난방 시스템으로는 주로 온풍 난방기가 사용되었으며, 일부 연동온실은 라디에이터와 온수 난방을 병행했다. 재배환경 조사에서는 단동온실의 과고는 1.8m에서 2.7m, 과폭은 2.0m에서 2.7m까지 다양했으며, 대부분의 농가가 한 동에 2－5그루의 나무를 2.1m에서 3.1m 사이 간격으로 횡방향으로 재식하고 있었다. 연동온실에서는 과고는 1.6m에서 2.8m, 과폭은 1.2m에서 4.0m까지로 나타났으며, 각 동당 횡방향으로 2－3그루의 나무가 2.2m에서 3.7m 사이 간격으로 재식되어 있었다. 단동온실과 연동온실에서 횡방향으로 각각 3그루와 2그루를 심을 경우, 과폭과 과고, 환기 등을 고려할 때 만감류 시설재배에 적절한 환경을 위해 온실의 폭은 넓히고 측고는 높이는 것이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 그러나 본 연구는 표본의 수가 제한적이어서 전체 만감류 재배 농가를 대표하기에는 한계가 있으며, 다양한 지역 농가를 포함한 추가 연구가 필요하다. 또한, 구조설계와 환기 설계가 이루어진 개발 모델을 통한 실증 연구가 필요하며 향후 연구가 요구된다. 본 연구는 만감류 시설재배 농가 조사결과를 바탕으로 만감류 재배에 적합한 온실 구조와 환경 관리를 위한 개선방안을 제안하며, 이를 통해 제시된 데이터와 개선방안은 차후 비닐온실 규격 설계 및 개발에 직접적으로 활용되어 고품질 만감류 생산을 위한 최적의 시설 설계를 가능하게 할 것이다. 이러한 모델 개발은 만감류 재배 효율을 높이고 생산성을 향상시키는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
만감류
시설재배
온실구조
재배환경
환경 조절 설비
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 33
  • No :4
  • Pages :312-321
  • Received Date : 2024-09-02
  • Revised Date : 2024-10-04
  • Accepted Date : 2024-10-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2024.33.4.312
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