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2024 Vol.33, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Articles

Identification of Major Pesticide Drift Factors in Aerial Spraying through Field Trials

현장 실험을 통한 항공 방제 시 주요 비산 요인 규명

Se-Yeon Lee1
,
Jinseon Park2
,
Chae-Rin Lee1
,
Kehinde Favour Daniel1
,
Ji-Yeon Park1
,
Youngho Kang3
,
Hyunkyu Sang4
,
Se-Woon Hong5*
이 세연1
,
박 진선2
,
이 채린1
,
Daniel Kehinde Favour1
,
박 지연1
,
강 영호3
,
상 현규4
,
홍 세운5*
1Graduate Students, Department of Rural and Bio-systems Engineering; Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture (BK21 four), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
2Research Professor, AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
3Researcher, Department of Crops and Foods, Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Science
4Associate Professor, Department of Integrative Food, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
5Associate Professor, Department of Rural and Bio-systems Engineering; AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Managemen; Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture (BK21 four), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
1전남대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역·바이오시스템공학과 & BK21기후지능형간척지농업교육연구팀 대학원생
2전남대학교 농업생명과학대학 기후변화대응농생명연구소 연구교수
3전북특별자치도 농업기술원 작물식품과
4전남대학교 융합식품바이오공학과 부교수
5전남대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역·바이오시스템공학과 & BK21기후지능형간척지농업교육연구팀 부교수
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2024. pp. 361-372
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Abstract

Aerial spraying is increasingly used in agriculture for pest control due to its efficiency in covering large areas quickly. However, it also increases the risk of pesticide drift, which can cause environmental and health concerns. To mitigate the spray drift, it is crucial to have a precise understanding of the mechanisms that cause the spray drift during the pesticide application. Therefore, in this study, 43 field tests were conducted to measure airborne drift, ground deposition, and pesticide deposition on target crops during aerial applications. These tests examined 18 drift-related factors, including weather conditions, crop types, drone specifications, spraying techniques, and spray liquid characteristics. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) was employed to identify the primary factors influencing drift. At the boundary of the target crops, the wind speed had the most significant impact on the airborne drift, while the crop types and characteristics influenced the airborne drift at leeward distances. Additionally, the atmospheric stability emerged as a critical factor. The ground deposition varied significantly depending on the type of crop downwind, while temperature and spray volume also affected the deposition within the crop. The concentration of the spray solution was interconnected with all forms of drift and impacted all stages of crop and pesticide dispersion. These findings can provide valuable insights for improving pesticide application strategies to minimize the pesticide drift, enhancing both safety and efficacy.

Keywords
airborne drift
atmospheric stability
ground deposition
Multiple linear regression (MLR)
pesticide application

본 연구에서는 항공 방제 시 농약 비산에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인을 분석하고 그 영향을 정량적으로 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 콩과 벼를 대상으로 43회의 측정 데이터를 활용하여 다중회귀분석을 수행하였고, 기상, 작물, 드론, 방제, 살포, 약액 등 총 18개의 비산 요인을 포괄적으로 고려하였다. 비산 요인들은 서로 연관성이 높았으며 밀접하게 연관된 변수들이 일부 제외되기도 했다. 연구 결과, 작물 종류, 풍속, 대기안정도 및 살포액 농도가 농약 비산에 중요한 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났다. 특히, 대기가 불안정한 경우 살포액이 먼 거리까지 확산되는 경향을 보였으며, 작물의 키와 밀도가 비산량에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 농약 비산이 기상 조건뿐만 아니라 작물의 성장 단계와도 밀접하게 관련되어 있으며, 방제 효과와 환경 영향을 동시에 고려한 살포 전략이 필요함을 시사하였다. 또한 살포액 농도는 공기 중 비산량뿐 아니라 지면 퇴적량과 작물 내 퇴적량에도 유기적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 살포액의 농도가 높을수록 작물 표면에 더 많은 농약이 퇴적되어 방제 효과는 높아질 수 있지만, 지면 퇴적량과 환경 오염의 위험도 증가할 수 있으므로 신중한 관리가 필요하다고 판단되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 항공 방제 시 기상 조건, 작물 특성, 드론 종류, 살포 방법 및 약액 농도 등을 종합적으로 고려한 최적의 농약 살포 전략 수립에 유용한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

키워드
공기 중 비산
농약 살포
다중 선형 회귀(MLR)
대기안정도
지면 퇴적
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 33
  • No :4
  • Pages :361-372
  • Received Date : 2024-09-05
  • Revised Date : 2024-10-20
  • Accepted Date : 2024-10-22
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2024.33.4.361
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