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2017 Vol.26, Issue 4 Preview Page
Changes in Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Reserves of ‘Fuji’/M9 Apple trees in Response to Early Defoliation at Growing Period

생육기 조기낙엽에 따른 사과 ‘후지’/M9의 광합성과 탄수화물의 변화

Jae Hoon Jeong1*
,
Jeom Hwa Han1
,
Suhyun Ryu1
,
Hyun Hee Han1
,
YongHee Kwon1
,
Gyung-Ran Do1
,
Sun-Hee Yim2
,
Han-Chan Lee1
정 재훈1*
,
한 점화1
,
류 수현1
,
한 현희1
,
권 용희1
,
도 경란1
,
임 순희2
,
이 한찬1
1Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
2Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Naju 58216, Korea
1국립원예특작과학원 과수과
2국립원예특작과학원 배연구소
*Corresponding author: jhyskok028@korea.kr
30 November 2017. pp. 291-296
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of early defoliation on photosynthesis and carbohydrate reserves when the source leaves of ‘Fuji’/M9 apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees were removed during the growing period. Bud regrowth rates of 80%, 50% defoliation and non-defoliation treatments were significantly different 82.7%, 45.9% and 2.1% respectively at 30 days after treatment. In all treatments, sucrose and starch concentrations in remaining leaves decreased non-significantly during the 14-day period. No significant changes were observed for total soluble carbohydrates in non-defoliation and 50% defoliation. However, in 80% defoliated treatments, concentrations of sorbitol and total soluble carbohydrates in remaining leaves declined steadily during the 14-day period. It is thought that high sink strength increases the requirements of carbohydrate from remaining leaves more than non-defoliated. The concentrations of starch in the roots tend to decrease non-significantly as percentage of defoliation increased. Photosynthesis of remaining leaves was monitored during the 14-day period after partial defoliation treatments. Net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and stomatal conductance were significantly enhanced in the 80% defoliation. The observed photosynthetic enhancement following partial defoliation may have been due to the enhancement of osmotic potential in leaves. These results were estimated that increasing of photosynthetic rate in the partial defoliation is due to the sink carbohydrate requirements for the current year's secondary growth of buds.

Keywords
bud regrowth
Malus domestica Borkh.
starch
total soluble carbohydrate

본 연구에서는 사과 ‘후지’/M9의 생육기간 중 조기낙 엽 피해가 발생하였을 때 영향을 알아보기 위하여 인위 적으로 적엽 처리하여 광합성과 탄수화물의 변화를 측정 하였다. 눈의 재발아율은 대조구, 50% 처리구, 80% 처 리구에서 각각 2.1%, 45.9%, 82.7%로 매우 유의한 차이 를 나타냈다. 적엽처리 후 남은 잎의 자당(sucrose)와 전 분 함량을 측정한 결과 모든 처리구에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또한 대조구와 50% 처리구에서는 총 유리당의 변화도 크지 않았다. 반면 80% 처리구에서 총 유리당과 sorbitol의 함량은 처리 후 14일동안 꾸준히 감소하였으 며, 이것은 대조구에 비하여 높은 sink로서의 탄수화물 요구가 일어난 것으로 추정된다. 뿌리에서의 전분 축적 은 적엽처리 정도가 심할수록 감소하였으나 유의한 차이 는 없었다. 광합성속도와 기공전도도는 80% 처리구에서 처리 후 14일동안 꾸준히 유의하게 증가하였다. 광합성 속도의 상승은 남아있는 source 잎에서의 삼투포텐셜이 증가하여 발생한 것으로 판단된다. 이는 적엽처리로 인 하여 눈의 당년 2차 재발아에 필요한 sink의 탄수화물 요구가 갑작스럽게 일어나게 됨으로써 남아있는 잎에서 광합성이 증가한 것으로 추정된다.

키워드
사과
재발아
전분
총 유리당
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 26
  • No :4
  • Pages :291-296
  • Received Date : 2017-03-20
  • Revised Date : 2017-08-03
  • Accepted Date : 2017-08-07
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.4.291
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