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2017 Vol.26, Issue 4 Preview Page
Effects of Light Intensity, Nutrient Solution Compositions before Harvest and the Time of Nutrient Solution Removal on Nitrate Contents in Hydroponically-Grown Leaf Lettuces in Closed Plant Production System

폐쇄형 식물생산시스템에서 광도, 수확 전 양액조성 및 양액결제시기가 잎상추의 체내 질산염 함량에 미치는 영향

Kyung-Hwan Yeo1*
,
Gyeong-Lee Choi1
,
Jung-Sup Lee1
,
Jae-Han Lee1
,
Kyoung-Sub Park1
,
Jin-Hyun Kim1
여 경환1*
,
최 경이1
,
이 중섭1
,
이 재한1
,
박 경섭1
,
김 진현1
1Protected Horticulture Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Sciences, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
1농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소
*Corresponding author: khyeo@korea.kr
30 November 2017. pp. 393-401
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Abstract

The nitrate (NO3-) accumulation of hydroponically grown leafy vegetables may increase in the condition of a closed-type plant production system with low light intensity due to low activity of enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation and the use of NO3-N as major nitrogen source. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of light intensities, nutrient solution compositions and the time of nutrient solution removal before harvest on nitrate contents of hydroponically-grown lettuces in a closed plant production system. The reduction of nitrate contents in leafy lettuces ‘Cheongchima’ was higher in the treatments of ‘TW’ (nutrient solution removal) and ‘(NH4)2CO3’ (use of ammonium carbonate as nitrogen source) than those in other treatments, which significantly lowered fresh weight and leaf area of the plants. In the light intensity of 100 μmol·m-2·s-1, the nitrate content was effectively reduced without causing any growth retardation, by substitution of the nutrient solution composition that NO3-N was removed (‘NO3-N removal’ treatment) or the half strength of standard nutrient solution was applied (‘1/2 S’ treatment), for 7days before harvest. The effects of light intensity and the time of nutrient solution removal before harvest on growth and nitrate contents in leafy lettuces were investigated. The nitrate contents in leaves under the light condition of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 before nutrient solution removal were lower than those of 100 or 200 μmol·m-2·s-1. The removal of nutrient solution for 7 days before harvest quickly reduced the amount of nitrates in leaves in all the light intensities with a greater degree under the 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 of light condition, while the 7 days-removal with both 200 and 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 of light conditions caused decrease in 16~31% of leaf area and 20~35% of fresh weight, compared to the 3 days-removal treatment. The nitrate contents were greatly reduced from 3,018 to 1,035 in 200 μmol·m-2·s-1, and 2,021 to 480 ppm in the light condition of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1, with the nutrient solution removal for 3 days before harvest, without causing any deterioration in growth and product quality. The vitamin C contents in leaves were higher in the treatment of nutrient solution removal for both 3 and 5 days before harvest with the light condition of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 than those in the light condition of 100 or 200 μmol·m-2·s-1.

Keywords
ammonium carbonate
NO3-N removal
vitamin C
growth characteristics

쌈채소 수경재배 시 문제가 되는 체내 질산염 함량을 효과적으로 저감시키기 위해 폐쇄형 생산시스템에서 1) 저광도(100μmol·m-2·s-1내외) 조건에서의 수확 7일 전 양 액조성 방법과 2) 질산염 저감을 위한 적정 광도 및 수 확 전 적정 양액결제시기를 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 청치마상추에서 수확 7일 전 양액조성 방법 중 양액결 제(양액공급 중단) 처리와 양액내 질소 공급원으로 탄산 암모늄[(NH4)2CO3]을 사용한 처리는 처리기간 동안 체 내 질산염 함량을 감소시켰으나, 생체중, 엽면적 등의 생육량도 감소되었다. 하지만 100μmol·m-2·s-1조건에서 수확 7일전 양액내 NO3-N 비료를 결제하여 조성하거나 배양액 농도를 1/2배액으로 낮추어 공급함으로써 외적 품질 및 생육량의 저하없이 질산염 함량은 감소되었다. 또한 수확 전 양액결제시기 및 적정 광도를 구명하기 위해 실험을 수행한 결과, 100, 200, 및 300μmol·m-2·s-1 의 3수준의 광조건 모두 수확 7일 전 양액결제시에 체 내 질산염이 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 특히 300μmol·m-2·s- 1의 광도와 수확 7일 전 양액결제 처리시 식물체내 질산 염의 빠른 저감효과를 볼 수 있었으나 생육량의 감소를 가져왔다. 수확 3일 전 양액결제 처리에 의해 300μmol·m- 2·s-1 광도에서 체내 질산염 함량은 2,021ppm에서 480ppm로, 200μmol·m-2·s-1 광도에서 3,018ppm에서 1,035ppm로 감소되었으며, 외적 품질의 저하 없이 생육 량이 높으면서 동시에 짧은 시간 동안 식물체내 질산염 의 저감 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 수확 7일 전 양액결제 처 리는 체내 질산염의 저감효과가 컸던 반면 엽중, 엽면적 등의 생육 감소를 가져왔는데, 200과 300μmol·m-2·s-1의 광조건에서 수확7일 전 양액결제시 수확 3일 전 양액결 제보다 엽중은 20~35%, 엽면적은 16~31% 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 광도 및 양액결제시기에 따른 비타민 C 함 량을 분석한 결과 100, 200보다 300μmol·m-2·s-1 에서 수 확 3일과 5일전 양액결제 처리시 비타민 C 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다.

키워드
탄산암모늄
질산태질소 결제
비타민C
생육특성
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 26
  • No :4
  • Pages :393-401
  • Received Date : 2017-09-20
  • Revised Date : 2017-09-29
  • Accepted Date : 2017-10-09
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.4.393
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