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2017 Vol.26, Issue 4 Preview Page
Comparison of Heating Characteristics of Electric Heating Element Heater and Oil Hot Air Heater in Single Span Greenhouses

전기발열체 난방기 및 유류온풍 난방기의 단동온실 난방 특성 비교

Jin Kyung Kwon*
,
Seung Hee Kim
,
Young An Shin
,
Jae Han Lee
,
Kyeong Sub Park
,
Youn Koo Kang
권 진경*
,
김 승희
,
신 영안
,
이 재한
,
박 경섭
,
강 연구
Protected Horticulture Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Haman 637-812, Korea
국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소
*Corresponding author: cen55@korea.kr
30 November 2017. pp. 324-332
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Abstract

The comparative experiments were conducted for single span greenhouses where cucumbers were cultivated to analyze the effect of heating between a carbon fiber electric heating element heater and an oil hot air heater in terms of the inside climate, energy consumption and plant growth. In order to analyze the effect of heating capacity, 6, 9, and 16 kW of electric powers were supplied to the electric heating element for same setting temperature of 15?. As a result, as the heating capacity increased, the number of ON-OFF cycles of the electric heating element and the temperature inside the greenhouse increased proportionally. In the comparison of two heaters, it was shown that the temperature and relative humidity distributions of the electric heating element installed greenhouse was much uniform than those of the oil hot air heater installed greenhouse. The heating energy consumptions during the heating period of 79 days were 867L for the oil hot air heater and 8,959 kWh for the electric heating element heater, and the heating costs were 607 and 403 thousand won respectively. In the electric heating element installed greenhouse, the cucumber growth was slightly better and the yield was 4.3% higher than those of the oil hot air heater installed greenhouse, but there were no statically significant difference in the cucumber growth and yield between greenhouses.

Keywords
Carbon fiber heating element
cucumber
energy consumption
heating cost
temperature distribution

본 연구에서는 서로 다른 열전달 특성을 가진 탄소섬 유 전기발열체와 경유온풍난방기가 온실 내부의 온습도, 에너지소비, 작물생육 등에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위 해 오이 재배 단동온실에 대한 난방 비교시험을 수행하 였다. 전기발열체 온실에서 난방용량이 온실 환경과 난 방기 운전에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 온실에 6, 9, 16kW의 전력을 각각 공급한 결과 전기발열체 ON-OFF 주기는 각각 9, 11, 15회로 비례하여 증가하였으며 온실 내부 평균온도는 각각 15.2, 15.3, 15.6°C, 평균상대습도 는 84, 81, 76%로 나타나 난방 용량이 클수록 온실내부 온도는 높고, 상대습도는 낮게 나타났다. 또한 6, 9kW 가동 시 하부온도가 상부보다 0.1°C 높았으며 16kW 가 동 시는 상부 평균온도가 하부보다 0.2°C 높았다. 전기발 열체와 경유온풍난방기의 비교 시험에서는 난방 시 온실 상부와 하부의 온도차가 전기발열체 온실이 0.1~0.2°C로 경유온풍난방기 온실의 0.5~0.6°C보다 작았으며, 온실 상 류와 하류의 온도차는 전기발열체 온실이 0~0.1°C로 경 유온풍난방기 온실의 1.3~1.4°C보다 작아 정밀한 온도관 리가 가능하였다. 난방기간 동안 사용한 에너지사용량은 경유온풍난방기 온실이 경유 867L를, 전기발열체 온실이 전력량 8,959kWh를 사용하였으며, 난방비용은 각각 607 천원과 403천원이 소요되어 전기발열체 온실에서 약 34%의 비용절감 효과가 있었다. 전기발열체 온실의 경 우 상대적으로 군락 상하부의 환경관리가 균일하여 초장 을 비롯한 전반적 생육상황이 경유온풍난방기 온실보다 좋았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 수확량 역시 전기발열체 온실의 작물군락 하부 온도가 경유온풍 난방기 온실보다 1.3°C 더 높게 관리되어 4.3% 증수효 과가 있었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 원예 시설의 최적 난방 관리를 위해서는 각 난방기의 열전달 특성에 기초하여 난방기 용량, 배치, 열분배 방법에 대 한 설계가 요구되며, 전열선 형태의 난방기 역시 작물형 상 및 재배방법을 고려하여 전열선의 개수, 위치, 방열 온도 등에 대한 설계가 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

키워드
난방비용
오이
온도분포
에너지소비
탄 소섬유 발열체
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 26
  • No :4
  • Pages :324-332
  • Received Date : 2017-08-07
  • Revised Date : 2017-09-29
  • Accepted Date : 2017-09-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.4.324
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