Monitoring of Working Environment Exposed to Particulate Matter in Greenhouse for Cultivating Flower and Fruit

Hyo-Jae Seo; Hyo-Cher Kim; Il-Hwan Seo

doi:10.12791/KSBEC.2022.31.2.079

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2022 Vol.31, Issue 2 Next Page

Original Articles

Monitoring of Working Environment Exposed to Particulate Matter in Greenhouse for Cultivating Flower and Fruit 과수 및 화훼 시설하우스 내 작업자의 미세먼지 노출현황 모니터링

30 April 2022. pp. 79-89

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Abstract

With the wide use of greenhouses, the working hours have been increasing inside the greenhouse for workers. In the closed ventilated greenhouse, the internal environment has less affected to external weather during making a suitable temperature for crop growth. Greenhouse workers are exposed to organic dust including soil dust, pollen, pesticide residues, microorganisms during tillage process, soil grading, fertilizing, and harvesting operations. Therefore, the health status and working environment exposed to workers should be considered inside the greenhouse. It is necessary to secure basic data on particulate matter (PM) concentrations in order to set up dust reduction and health safety plans. To understand the PM concentration of working environment in greenhouse, the PM concnentrations were monitored in the cut-rose and Hallabong greenhouses in terms of PM size, working type, and working period. Compare to no-work (move) period, a significant increase in PM concentration was found during tillage operation in Hallabong greenhouse by 4.94 times on TSP (total suspended particle), 2.71 times on PM-10 (particle size of 10 µm or larger), and 1.53 times on PM-2.5, respectively. During pruning operation in cut-rose greenhouse, TSP concentration was 7.4 times higher and PM-10 concentration was 3.2 times higher than during no-work period. As a result of analysis of PM contribution ratio by particle sizes, it was shown that PM-10 constitute the largest percentage. There was a significant difference in the PM concentration between work and no-work periods, and the concentration of PM during work was significant higher (p < 0.001). It was found that workers were generally exposed to a high level of dust concentration from 2.5 µm to 35.15 µm during tillage operation.

Keywords

field monitoring

greenhouse

particulate matter

working environment

본 연구에서는 한라봉 3농가, 절화장미 3농가를 대상으로 시설하우스 내부 농작업 종류와 특성에 따른 시설 내 작업자의 미세먼지 노출 현황과 특성을 파악하기 위하여 미세먼지 모니터링을 수행하였다. 한라봉 시설하우스 내부 경운작업의 경우 작업자가 지역시료에 비해 개인시료 측정 농도가 TSP 4.9배, PM-10 2.7배, PM-2.5 1.5배로 더 높게 나타났다. 절화 장미 작업자는 개인시료의 경우 지역시료에 비해 TSP 농도 7.4배, PM-10 농도 3.2배 높은 것으로 나타나 시설 내부 작업 시 작업자는 전반적으로 더 높은 분진 환경에 노출되는 것으로 나타났다. 시설하우스 미세먼지 입경별 기여도 분석 결과, 10µm 이상의 큰 입자 분포를 가진 미세먼지가 경운작업 시 기계적 분쇄과정을 거쳐 한라봉 시설하우스에서 발생한 것으로 추정된다. 절화 장미 옆순 정리 작업 시 상대적으로 PM-10의 입경 분포를 가진 미세먼지 농도가 발생하는 것으로 판단되며, PM-2.5 크기를 가지는 입자에 의한 영향은 상대적으로 크지 않을 것으로 사료된다. 시설하우스 내부 작업동선에 따른 미세먼지 노출 특성 분석 결과, 경운작업 시 10µm 전·후의 미세먼지 농도가 증가한 것으로 나타났고, 시설하우스 작업시기와 이동시기와 비교하여 입경별 미세먼지 농도는 유의한 차이가 있으며, 작업 시 미세먼지 농도가 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p < 0.001). 한라봉 시설하우스 내부 이동시기 대비 경운작업시기의 경우 TSP 농도 3.8배, PM-10 농도 2.1배, PM-2.5 1.3배, PM-1.0 1.1배가 증가하였다. 절화장미 농가에서 이동 시 작업자에게 노출되는 미세먼지 농도의 경우 일반 대기환경 농도와 유사한 수준인 것으로 나타났지만, 이동시기 대비 작업시기에 TSP 농도가 3.4배, PM-10 3.2배, PM-2.5 1.6배, PM-1.0 1.1배 증가하였다. 작업동선별 미세먼지 농도 증가 추이 분석 결과, 미세먼지의 입경이 큰 범위에 속하는 TSP, PM-10의 경우 작업 시 TSP와 PM-10 평균 농도의 편차가 크게 나타났으며, 이는 농가별 작업의 종류, 시설 규모, 환기량, 농가의 운영관리상태 등에 따라 미세먼지 발생 영향에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 시설하우스 내부 작업자의 미세먼지 노출현황과 특성 분석을 기반으로 시설하우스 내부 미세먼지 저감 프로그램 개발 및 작업 환경 개선 방안 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

미세먼지

시설하우스

작업환경

현장 모니터링

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
Volume : 31
No :2
Pages :79-89
Received Date : 2022-01-25
Revised Date : 2022-03-03
Accepted Date : 2022-03-10
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2022.31.2.079

Journal of Bio-Environment Control ISSN:1229-4675(Print) 2765-3641(Online) 생물환경조절학회지

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