Verification of the Greenhouse Structural Analysis Program GHModeler through Performance Evaluation of Semi-Rigid Rafter-Purlin Connections in Greenhouse Structures

Man Kwon Choi; Hee Ryong Ryu; Hyun Ho Shin; Tae Cheol Seo; Jin Hyun Kim

doi:10.12791/KSBEC.2025.34.4.372

All Issue

2025 Vol.34, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Original Articles

Verification of the Greenhouse Structural Analysis Program GHModeler through Performance Evaluation of Semi-Rigid Rafter-Purlin Connections in Greenhouse Structures 온실 구조물의 반강접 서까래–도리 접합부 성능 평가를 통한 온실 구조해석 프로그램 GHModeler 검증

31 October 2025. pp. 372-380

PDF XML

Abstract

This study was conducted to experimentally investigate the semi-rigid behavior of rafter-purlin connections in greenhouse structures and to verify the applicability of the GHModeler analysis program. Steel wire clamp specimens were fabricated to represent typical rafter-purlin joints, and stiffness coefficients and yield characteristics were evaluated under six degrees of freedom. The experimental results showed that sliding of the rafter along the purlin axis exhibited the highest stiffness 243,228.92 N·m^-1 with a yield load of 164 N, while sliding of the purlin along the rafter axis demonstrated much lower stiffness 30,426.78 N·m^-1 and yield load 118 N. Distinct differences were also observed in rotational and torsional modes. Furthermore, a full-scale single-span greenhouse was subjected to lateral loading tests, and displacement and stress responses were compared with GHModeler simulations. In the horizontal displacement (DH2), the rigid joint model showed errors up to 310.2%, whereas the interface element model reduced the error to within －13.7% to 34.1%. Similarly, for stress at point S1, the rigid joint model exhibited up to 84.6% error, while the interface element model maintained deviations within －9.1% to 3.2%, showing closer agreement with experimental results. These findings indicate that the proposed method more accurately reflects the structural behavior of semi-rigid connections and are expected to enhance the reliability of joint modeling and structural safety evaluation in greenhouse design.

Keywords

GHModeler

greenhouse safety

rafter-purlin joint

semi-rigid connection

structural performance

본 연구는 온실 구조에서 서까래–도리 접합부의 반강접(semi-rigid) 거동을 실험적으로 규명하고, 해석 모델(GHModeler)의 적용 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시중에서 사용되는 선형 죔쇠를 이용하여 교차부 실험체를 제작하고, 6 자유도 변형 모드에 대한 강성 계수와 항복 특성을 평가하였다. 서까래가 도리 축을 따라 미끄러질 때 강성 계수 243,228.92 N·m^-1, 항복 하중 164 N으로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 도리가 서까래 축을 따라 미끄러질 때는 각각 30,426.78 N·m^-1, 118 N으로 현저히 낮은 값을 보였다. 회전 및 비틀림 모드에서도 뚜렷한 차이를 확인하였다. 이어서 실물 규모의 단동 온실을 대상으로 횡하중 재하 시험을 실시하고, 변위 및 응력 거동을 GHModeler 해석 결과와 비교·분석하였다. 비교 결과, 수평 변위(DH2)에서 강접합 모델은 최대 310.2% 오차를 보인 반면, 인터페이스 요소 모델은 －13.7%~34.1% 범위로 감소하였다. 응력(S1)에서도 강접합 모델은 최대 84.6%의 오차를 보였으나, 인터페이스 요소 모델은 －9.1%~3.2%로 실험치에 근접하였다. 본 연구 결과는 온실 구조물의 접합부 모델링 및 구조 안전성 평가의 신뢰성을 향상시키는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

GHModeler

구조 성능

반강접

서까래－도리 접합

온실 안전성

References

KS D 3760 2023, Coated Steel Pipes for Plastic Housing. e-standard portal. https://e-ks.kr/streamdocs/view/sd;streamdocsId=72059319887183103 Accessed 01 September 2025.

Kim T.H. 2024, Kyunghyang shinmuyn. Available via https://w.khan.co.kr/article/202412011118001. Accessed 1 September 2025.

Lee J.Y., and H.R. Ryu 2022, Structural analysis of pipe-framed greenhouse using interface elements for cross-over connections. Eng Struct 226:114504. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114504

10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114504

Lee S.G., J.H. Lee, B.H. Seo, D.S. Kim, D.W. Kim, Y.R. JO, and W. Choi 2025, Stiffness evaluation of semi-rigid connection using steel clamps in plastic greenhouse structure. Biosyst Eng 250: 15-27. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.11.018

10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.11.018

Ogawa H., I. Tsuge, Y. Sato, S. Hoshiba, and S. Yamashita 1990, Experimental analysis on strength of pipe-houses with ground anchoring (II) - yield strength of joints, fixed piles and pipe connectors. SASJ 20:262-269.

Ryu H.R., M.K. Choi, M.W. Cho, and I.H. Yu 2019, Damage index estimation by analysis of meteorological disasters on film plastic greenhouse. Int J Agric Biol Eng 13:58-63. doi:10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4493

10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4493

Ryu H.R., H.E., M.W. Cho, I.H. Yu, and Y.C. Kim 2012, Evaluation on the behavioral characteristics of plastic greenhouse by full-scale testing and finite element analysis. J Bio-Env Con 21:459-465. (in Korean) http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2012.21.4.459

10.12791/KSBEC.2012.21.4.459

Seo B.H., S.G. Lee, D.K. Kim, J.H. Lee, D.S. Kim, Y.R. Jo, and W. Choi 2025, Structural safety assessment procedure of plastic single-span greenhouse considering semi-rigid clamp joints. Results in Eng. 25:104106. doi:10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104106

10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104106

Shin H.H., H.R. Ryu, I.N. Yu, M.W. Cho, T.C. Seo, S.Y. Kim, and M.K. Choi 2021, Effect of the pipe joint on structural performance of a single-span greenhouse: a full-scale experimental and numerical study. J Bio-Env Con 30:410-418. (in Korean) doi:10.12791/KSBEC.2021.30.4.410

10.12791/KSBEC.2021.30.4.410

Song H.S., Y.Y. Kim, S.C. Yu, and S.Y. Lim 2022, An experimental and numerical study on the behavior characteristics for single-span plastic greenhouse under snow load. KSAE 64:45-53. (in Korean) doi:10.5389/KSAE.2022.64.4.04

10.5389/KSAE.2022.64.4.04

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
Volume : 34
No :4
Pages :372-380
Received Date : 2025-09-09
Revised Date : 2025-09-26
Accepted Date : 2025-09-26
DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2025.34.4.372

Journal of Bio-Environment Control ISSN:1229-4675(Print) 2765-3641(Online) 생물환경조절학회지

All Issue