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Analysis on the Characteristics of Ventilation and Cooling for Greenhouses Constructed in Reclaimed Lands

간척지 온실의 환기 및 냉방 특성 분석

Sang-Woon Nam1
,
Hyun-Ho Shin1
남 상운1
,
신 현호1
1Department of Agricultural and Rural Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
1충남대학교 지역환경토목학과
*Corresponding author: swnam@cnu.ac.kr
30 July 2017. pp. 181-187
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for development of environmental design technology for greenhouses constructed in reclaimed lands. The climatic conditions around seven major reclaimed land areas with a plan to install advanced horticultural complexes in Korea were analyzed. The characteristics of natural ventilation and temperature rise through the thermal environment measurement of the greenhouse in Saemangeum were analyzed. The part to be applied to the environmental design of the greenhouses in reclaimed lands were reviewed. Results of comparing the ventilation rate of the greenhouse according to the presence or absence of plants showed the greenhouse with plants had the lower ventilation rate, but the smaller rise of indoor temperature due to the evapotranspiration of plants. In the greenhouse with plants, the number of air changes was in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 volumes/min and the average was 0.7 volumes/min. The rise of indoor temperature relative to outdoor temperature was in the range of 1 to 5°C and the average 2.5°C. The natural ventilation performance of the experimental greenhouse constructed in the reclaimed land almost satisfied the recommended ventilation rate in summer and the rise of indoor temperature relative to outdoor temperature did not deviate considerably from the cultivation environment of plants. Therefore, it was determined that the greenhouse cultivation in Saemangeum reclaimed land is possible with only natural ventilation systems without cooling facilities. As the reclaimed land is located in the seaside, the wind is stronger than the inland area, and the fog is frequent. This strong wind speed increases the ventilation rate of greenhouses, which is considered to be a factor for reducing the cooling load. In addition, since the fog duration is remarkably longer than that of inland area, the seasonal cooling load is expected to decrease, which is considered to be advantageous in terms of the operation cost of cooling facilities.

Keywords
cooling load
environmental design
fog duration
natural ventilation
wind speed

간척지 온실의 환경설계 기술 개발을 위한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로, 첨단 시설원예단지 설치 계획이 있는 국내 7개 대규모 간척지 주변의 기후조건을 분석하였으 며, 새만금 간척지 내에 설치된 3연동 플라스틱 온실을 대상으로 하절기에 시설 내외의 열적 환경계측 실험을 통하여 자연환기 및 온도 상승 특성을 분석하고, 간척지 온실의 환경 설계에 적용해야 할 부분을 검토하였다. 작 물의 유무에 따른 온실의 환기율을 비교한 결과, 작물이 있으면 온실의 환기율은 낮아지지만 작물의 증발산에 의 해 실내기온 상승은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 작물이 있는 경우 온실의 환기회수는 대체로 0.3~0.9회/min의 범위에 있었고, 평균 0.7 회/min으로 나타났다. 실외기온 대비 실내기온 상승은 1~5°C정도의 범위에 있었고, 평균 2.5°C로 나타났다. 간척지에 설치된 실험온실의 자연환기 성능은 여름철 권장 환기율을 거의 만족시키고, 실외기온 대비 실내기온 상승도 작물재배 환경을 크게 벗어나지 않 으므로 새만금 간척지에서는 냉방설비 없이 자연환기 만 으로 온실의 작물 재배가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 간척 지는 해안에 위치하고 있어 내륙지역에 비하여 바람이 강 하고, 안개가 자주 끼는 특성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 강한 풍속은 온실의 환기율을 증가시키므로 냉 방부하의 감소요인으로 작용하게 될 것으로 판단된다. 또 한 안개지속시간이 내륙지역에 비하여 현저하게 길기 때 문에 기간냉방부하는 감소할 것으로 예상되며 이는 냉방 설비의 운전경비 측면에서 유리할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 간척지 온실의 환기 및 냉방시스템 설계 시에는 주변의 기상관측소 자료를 그대로 이용하지 말고, 온실 설치 지 역에서 실측한 기상자료 또는 현장 여건을 반영하여 보정 된 기상자료를 사용하여 설계하도록 할 필요가 있다.

키워드
냉방부하
안개지속시간
자연환기
풍속
환경설계
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory
  • Journal Title(Ko) :시설원예ㆍ식물공장
  • Volume : 26
  • No :3
  • Pages :181-187
  • Received Date : 2017-04-28
  • Revised Date : 2017-05-19
  • Accepted Date : 2017-05-24
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.3.181
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