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Original Articles

Effects of Foliar Application of CaCl2 on Ca Content and Occurrence and Alleviation of Blossom-end Rot of Paprika During High Temperature Season

고온기 CaCl2 엽면 살포가 파프리카 칼슘함량, 배꼽썩음과 발생과 경감에 미치는 영향

Jeong Sim Oh1†
,
Yong-Beom Lee23†
,
Jong Hyang Bae3
,
Jong Kuk Na4
,
Ki Young Choi4*
오 정심1†
,
이 용범23†
,
배 종향3
,
나 종국4
,
최 기영4*
1Researcher, International Horticulture Institutue, Seoul 02024, Korea
2Director, International Horticulture Institutue, Seoul 02024, Korea
3Professor, Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
4Professor, Division of Future Agriculture Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
1(사)국제원예연구원 연구원
2(사)국제원예연구원 원장
3원광대학교 원예산업학과 교수
4강원대학교 미래농업융합학부 교수
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
31 October 2021. pp. 263-270
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Abstract

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of CaCl2 foliar spraying on the inhibition of blossom-end rot (BER) in hot summer paprika (Capsicum annum L. ‘Special’) cultivation. The effect of CaCl2 application was examined by the foliar application based on different fruit size, frequency, and spraying time. Also, it was investigated the occurrence and alleviation effect of BER symptom. Foliar application of CaCl2 (Ca 0.4%) was conducted by treating a fruit and leaf at 4 to 9 nodes above the crown flowers of each plant with 350 mL per week from June 3 to July 1. When the CaCl2 was sprayed at 7-day intervals for 4 weeks, the Ca content was the lowest in the fruit harvested with BER symptom in 11 to 20 mm of fruit width (FW). Four different regions in both BER symptom and normal fruits showed significant differences of Ca content, the highest was in pedicel, followed by stem-end, middle, and blossom-end. The Ca content increased sharply in normal paprika with 31－40 mm FW, in which Ca content was 78% higher than that of BER. Ca content in the middle and blossom-end of paprika over 21 mm in FW ranged 19.8% to 28.8% in normal fruits and 15.7% to 18.5% in BER, respectively. The incidence of BER increased rapidly by more than 60% in fruits with 31－40 mm FW. While there was no difference in fruit weight among the FW treatment, marketable yield rate was highest in the 21－30 mm FW, and the sugar content was high in the 11－30mm FW. When CaCl2 was applied three times for 7 days to a paprika having a 21－ 30 mm FW, the cell wall-bound (CWB) Ca content was the highest and the rate of BER was lowest with 6.3%. After 10 days of CaCl2 foliar spray treatment, the CWB Ca content of paprika increased by 2.9 to 3.5 times compared to the control in all treatments. At 7 days after the CaCl2 foliar spraying once a day at varying spraying time, the leaf burn observed from 9:30 a.m. to 17:00 p.m. and the proline content increased as the spraying time was delayed. Therefore, the CaCl2 foliar spraying method for reducing of BER occurrence during paprika summer cultivation seems to be appropriate to spray 2－3 times at intervals of 3 days and before 8 a.m. at the time when the FW is 21－30 mm.

Keywords
blossom–end
cell wall-bound Ca
fruit width
leaf-burn
proline

본 실험은 고온기 파프리카 재배에서 CaCl2 엽면 살포에 의한 배꼽썩음과 발생과 경감 효과를 알아보고자 과실 크기에 따른 살포 시기, 횟수 및 시간에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. CaCl2(Ca 0.4%) 엽면 살포는 6월 3일 부터 7월 1일 까지 방아다리 위 4－9 마디의 착과 과실과 잎에 식물체 1주당 350mL/회를 처리하였다. CaCl2를 7일 간격으로 4주간 엽면 살포 후 수확한 파프리카의 Ca 함량은 배꼽썩음과 과실의 과폭 11－20mm 처리에서 가장 낮았고, pedicel > stem-end > middle, blossom-end 순으로 낮아졌다. 정상과 과실의 Ca 함량은 과폭 31－40mm 처리에서 뚜렷하게 증가하였고 배꼽썩음과와 비교할 때 78% 높았다. 과폭 21mm 이상의 과실 middle과 blossom-end 부위 Ca 함량은 정상과에서는 19.8%－28.8%였으며, 배꼽썩음과에서는 15.7%－18.5%였다. 과폭 31－40mm 처리에서 배꼽썩음과 발생율은 60% 이상으로 급격히 증가하였다. 과폭 크기별 엽면 살포 처리에 따른 파프리카 과중은 차이가 없었으며, 상품과율은 21－30mm 크기에서 가장 높았고, 당도는 과폭 11－30mm 처리에서 높았다. 과폭 21－30mm 파프리카에 7일 동안 CaCl2를 3회 엽면 살포하였을 때 세포벽 결합(cell wall-bound, CWB) Ca 함량은 가장 높았고, 배꼽썩음과 발생율은 6.3%로 가장 낮았다. CaCl2 엽면 살포 처리 10일 후 파프리카의 CWB Ca 함량은 대조구에 비해 모든 처리에서 2.9배－3.5배 증가하였다. 하루 중 1회 시간을 달리하여 CaCl2 엽면 살포하였을 때, 7일째 엽소현상이 오전 9시 30분 처리에서 부터 오후 17시 처리 까지 관찰되었고, proline 함량은 처리 시간이 늦어질수록 증가되었다. 따라서 파프리카 여름재배시 배꼽썩음과 발생 경감을 위한 CaCl2 엽면 살포 방법은 과폭 21－30mm인 시기에 3일 간격으로 2회－3회, 오전 8시 이전에 살포 하는 것이 적합하리라 본다.

키워드
과폭
blossom–end
세포벽 결합 Ca
엽소현상
proline
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 30
  • No :4
  • Pages :263-270
  • Received Date : 2021-08-09
  • Revised Date : 2021-09-14
  • Accepted Date : 2021-09-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2021.30.4.263
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