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2021 Vol.30, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Articles

Analysis of the Effect of Fog Cooling during Daytime and Heat Pump Cooling at Night on Greenhouse Environment and Planst in Summer

하절기 주간 포그 냉방과 야간 히트펌프 냉방이 온실 환경 및 작물에 미치는 영향 분석

Taeseok Lee1*
,
Jingu Kim1
,
Seokho Park2
,
Choungkeun Lee2
이 태석1*
,
김 진구1
,
박 석호2
,
이 충근2
1Researcher, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
2Senior Researcher, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman 52054, Korea
1농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 농업연구사
2농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 농업연구관
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2021. pp. 328-334
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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of fog cooling during daytime and heatpump cooling at night in greenhouses in summer. During daytime, the average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had shading screen were 32.1°C and 59.4%. and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had fog cooling were 30.0°C and 74.3%. At this time, the average outside temp. and RH were 31.4°C and 57.7%. So, the temp. of the control was 0.7°C higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.4°C lower than outside and 2.1°C lower than control. The average RH was 74.3% in the test and 59.4% in control. The average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had natural ventilation at night were 25.2°C and 85.1%, and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had heat pump cooling were 23.4°C, 82.4%. The average outside temp. and RH at night were 24.4°C and 88.2%. The temp. of the control was 0.8°C higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.0°C lower than outside and 1.8°C lower than control. The average RH was 82.4% in test and 85.1% in control greenhouse. There was no significant difference between the plants growth eight weeks after planting. But after the cooling treatment, the values of stem diameter, plant height, chlorophyll in test were higher than control. The total yield was 81.3kg in test, 73.8kg in control, so yield of test was 10.2% higher than control. As a result of economic analysis, 142,166 won in profits occurred in control greenhouse, but 28,727 won in losses occurred in test greenhouse, indicating that cooling treatment was less economical.

Keywords
humidity
hydroponics
temperature
tomato
yield

본 연구에서는 하절기 토마토 재배 시 주간 포그 냉방, 야간 히트펌프 냉방을 처리를 하여 냉방 처리가 온실 내 온습도, 작물의 생육 및 수확량에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 하절기 주간에 차광 처리한 대조구 온실의 평균 온습도는 32.1°C, 59.4%였고, 포그 처리한 시험구 온실의 평균 온도는 30.0°C, 74.3%로 나타났다. 이 때 외부의 평균 온습도는 31.4°C, 57.7%로 대조구 온실의 온도는 외기보다 0.7°C 높았으나 시험구 온실의 온도는 외기보다 1.4°C, 대조구보다 2.1°C 낮게 나타났다. 평균 습도는 시험구 온실 74.3%, 대조구 온실 59.4%로 포그 처리를 한 시험구에서 높게 나타났다. 야간 대조구 온실의 평균 온습도는 25.2°C, 85.1%였고, 히트펌프로 냉방을 한 시험구 온실의 평균 온습도는 23.4°C, 82.4%, 로 나타났다. 야간 외부의 평균 온습도는 24.4°C, 88.2%로 대조구 온실의 온도는 외기보다 0.8°C 높았으나 시험구 온실의 온도는 외기보다 1.0°C, 대조구보다 1.8°C 낮게 나타났다. 평균 습도는 시험구 온실 82.4%, 대조구 온실 85.1%로 나타나 시험구 온실의 습도가 더 낮게 나타났다. 작물 생육은 정식하고 8주 후에는 두 온실 간의 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났으나 냉방 처리 후에는 시험구 온실의 작물이 대조구에 비해 경경, 초장, SPAD 값이 높게 나타났다. 토마토의 수확량은 냉방을 시작하고 2주 후까지 총 생산량의 차이는 1.2%로 큰 차이 없었으나 3주 후와 4주 후의 일 생산량이 시험구에서 대조구보다 많게 나타났다. 최종적으로는 시험구의 수확량이 81.3kg, 대조구의 수확량이 73.8kg으로 시험구가 대조구에 비해 10.2% 많게 나타남으로써 하절기 주간 포그 냉방, 야간 히트펌프 냉방이 작물 성장에 적합한 환경을 조성해 줌으로써 생육 및 생산성에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 냉방 처리에 따른 경제성을 비교해보면 대조구 온실에서는 142,166원의 수익이 있었던 반면 시험구 온실에서는 28,727원의 손해가 발생하여 냉방 처리는 경제성이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 재식 밀도, 히트펌프 운용 시간 및 기간을 조절하여 에너지 사용은 줄이면서 생산성을 증가시킨다면 경제성도 확보할 수 있을 것으로 기대되며 이에 대한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

키워드
생산량
수경 재배
습도
온도
토마토
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국생물환경조절학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Bio-Environment Control
  • Journal Title(Ko) :생물환경조절학회지
  • Volume : 30
  • No :4
  • Pages :328-334
  • Received Date : 2021-09-09
  • Revised Date : 2021-10-06
  • Accepted Date : 2021-10-09
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2021.30.4.328
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